{"id":480,"date":"2024-03-18T14:22:52","date_gmt":"2024-03-18T14:22:52","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/demo9.thuythu.vn\/dx\/?p=480"},"modified":"2026-05-08T04:38:38","modified_gmt":"2026-05-08T04:38:38","slug":"researchers-develop-high-precision-double-slit-for-space-spectrometer-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/demo9.thuythu.vn\/dx\/researchers-develop-high-precision-double-slit-for-space-spectrometer-2\/","title":{"rendered":"Researchers develop high-precision double slit for space spectrometer"},"content":{"rendered":"

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ESA plans to launch its FLEX mission in 2025. The aim is to collect data on the Earth’s vegetation from space. For the spectrometer on board the satellite, researchers from the Fraunhofer Institute for Applied Optics and Precision Engineering IOF in Jena have developed and manufactured a double-slit assembly with exceptional accuracy as well as two high-precision mirrors. The double slit will be presented at SPIE Photonics West in San Francisco from January 30 to February 1.<\/p>\n

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How much light do plants emit and what can this light emission tell us about the health of plants? The ESA mission “FLuorescence Explorer Mission” (FLEX) will address this question from 2025. At the heart of the satellite will be the “Fluorescence Imaging Spectrometer” (FLORIS for short).<\/p>\n

Unlike many other spectrometers, however, FLORIS does not work with a single light channel, but with two. “This means that it needs two optical slits through which the light can enter the instrument,” explains Falk Kemper. Kemper is a researcher at Fraunhofer IOF and heads the FLEX project at the institute. “To create these two channels, you need a high-precision arrangement of two slits, a so-called double slit. This is exactly what we developed and manufactured in Jena, together with high-precision mirrors for the spectrometer.”<\/p>\n

Components for space spectrometers with exceptional accuracy<\/p>\n

The special feature of the double-slit assembly is its exceptional precision: each slit of the double-slit assembly must be manufactured with an exact width of 85 (+\/-1) micrometers, and this over a length of 44.15 millimeters. “Slits that are too wide or too narrow would have guided too much or too little light onto the detector, making it impossible to evaluate the light component of interest for the mission,” explains Kemper.<\/p>\n

Special requirements also applied to the mirrors, which were manufactured in Jena and are intended to guide the light onto the detector inside the spectrometer: These had to have a roughness requirement of 0.3 nanometers rms (root mean square). “This roughly corresponds to the distance between one and two atoms,” explains Kemper. “The requirements were incredibly high and were at the limits of what was technically feasible.”<\/p>\n

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The special feature of the double-slit assembly is its exceptional precision: each slit of the double-slit assembly must be manufactured with an exact width of 85 (+\/-1) micrometers, and this over a length of 44.15 millimeters. “Slits that are too wide or too narrow would have guided too much or too little light onto the detector, making it impossible to evaluate the light component of interest for the mission,” explains Kemper.<\/p>\n

Special requirements also applied to the mirrors, which were manufactured in Jena and are intended to guide the light onto the detector inside the spectrometer: These had to have a roughness requirement of 0.3 nanometers rms (root mean square). “This roughly corresponds to the distance between one and two atoms,” explains Kemper. “The requirements were incredibly high and were at the limits of what was technically feasible.”<\/p>\n

Special lithographic structuring for silicon-based double slit<\/p>\n

The double slit was manufactured on a silicon basis. A special lithographic process chain was developed at Fraunhofer IOF for production, in which lithographic structuring techniques were adapted for etching silicon wafers: “Our strategy was to mask the silicon wafers, develop them and wet etch them in a time-controlled manner,” says the project manager, explaining the process. “Due to the very high accuracies required, we had to go through numerous parameter iterations to get the production chain so stable that slits could be produced according to the requirements.”<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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