{"id":1575,"date":"2025-02-28T14:33:24","date_gmt":"2025-02-28T07:33:24","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/demo9.thuythu.vn\/sinhthaimoi\/?p=1575"},"modified":"2025-06-30T18:39:11","modified_gmt":"2025-06-30T11:39:11","slug":"sau-benh-hai-trong-dat-ngay-cang-nghiem-trong","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/demo9.thuythu.vn\/sinhthaimoi\/sau-benh-hai-trong-dat-ngay-cang-nghiem-trong\/","title":{"rendered":"S\u00e2u b\u1ec7nh h\u1ea1i trong \u0111\u1ea5t ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng"},"content":{"rendered":"

C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i s\u00e2u b\u1ec7nh h\u1ea1i trong \u0111\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng r\u1ea5t kh\u00f3 ph\u00f2ng tr\u1eeb v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 ph\u00f2ng tr\u1eeb th\u1ea5p. Do \u0111\u00f3, c\u1ea7n \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng d\u1ee5ng bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd\u00a0t\u00edch h\u1ee3p.<\/h2>\n

Theo GS.TS Nguy\u1ec5n H\u1ed3ng S\u01a1n, Gi\u00e1m \u0111\u1ed1c Vi\u1ec7n Khoa h\u1ecdc N\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p Vi\u1ec7t Nam (B\u1ed9 NN-PTNT), qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u01a1 c\u1ea5u c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng, h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t chuy\u00ean canh, t\u1eadp trung; t\u0103ng di\u1ec7n t\u00edch tr\u1ed3ng c\u00e2y l\u00e2u n\u0103m; gia t\u0103ng m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 th\u00e2m canh, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u00e2n b\u00f3n ho\u00e1 h\u1ecdc, gi\u1ea3m s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng\u00a0ph\u00e2n b\u00f3n h\u1eefu c\u01a1; n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd s\u00e2u b\u1ec7nh h\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n c\u00f2n h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf trong khi thi\u1ebfu c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5, quy tr\u00ecnh canh t\u00e1c t\u1ed1t v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 thi\u2026 khi\u1ebfn c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i s\u00e2u b\u1ec7nh h\u1ea1i trong \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111ang c\u00f3 nguy c\u01a1 b\u00f9ng ph\u00e1t v\u00e0 lan r\u1ed9ng tr\u00ean nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng, v\u00f9ng sinh th\u00e1i kh\u00e1c nhau tr\u00ean c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u1edbi m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng. \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, s\u00e2u b\u1ec7nh trong \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111ang g\u00e2y h\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u tr\u00ean c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i c\u00e2y \u0103n qu\u1ea3, c\u00e2y c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p l\u00e2u n\u0103m, g\u00e2y t\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t l\u1edbn, \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh nh\u01b0 b\u1ec7nh ch\u1ebft nhanh, ch\u1ebft ch\u1eadm tr\u00ean h\u1ed3 ti\u00eau; ch\u1ebft c\u00e2y con trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n t\u00e1i canh c\u00e0 ph\u00ea; th\u1ed1i r\u1ec5 s\u1ea7u ri\u00eang; r\u1ee5ng l\u00e1 cam qu\u00fdt; th\u1ed1i r\u1ec5 thanh long; h\u00e9o v\u00e0ng tr\u00ean chu\u1ed1i; h\u00e9o xanh vi khu\u1ea9n tr\u00ean c\u00e1c c\u00e2y h\u1ecd c\u00e0, b\u1ea7u b\u00ed\u2026<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i\u00a0s\u00e2u b\u1ec7nh h\u1ea1i\u00a0trong \u0111\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng r\u1ea5t kh\u00f3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p ph\u00f2ng tr\u1eeb v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 ph\u00f2ng tr\u1eeb th\u1ea5p do kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n k\u1ecbp th\u1eddi, x\u1eed l\u00fd \u0111\u00fang l\u00fac. B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh \u0111\u00f3, tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng, v\u00e0o c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t ho\u1eb7c nhi\u1ec1u t\u00e1c nh\u00e2n g\u00e2y b\u1ec7nh, g\u00e2y ra m\u1ed9t ho\u1eb7c nhi\u1ec1u tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng kh\u00e1c nhau, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n trong vi\u1ec7c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng quy tr\u00ecnh ph\u00f2ng tr\u1eeb hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 l\u00e0m gia t\u0103ng chi ph\u00ed.<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh h\u1ea1i ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng ch\u00ednh nh\u01b0 ch\u00e1y l\u00e1 v\u00e0 ch\u1ebft c\u00e2y con (do\u00a0Pythium, Phytophthora, Rhizoctonia, Sclerotium rolfsii v\u00e0 Fusarium sp)\u00a0<\/em>tr\u00ean t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i c\u00e2y nh\u01b0 rau, hoa, c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ed3ng ru\u1ed9ng, c\u00e2y \u0103n qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 c\u00e2y c\u1ea3nh. V\u00ed d\u1ee5 h\u1ecd c\u1ea3i, h\u1ecd b\u1ea7u b\u00ed, h\u1ecd c\u00e0, h\u1ecd \u0111\u1eadu, h\u1ecd c\u00fac.<\/p>\n

B\u1ec7nh th\u1ed1i r\u1ec5\u00a0(<\/em>do\u00a0Pythium, Phytophthora, Rhizoctonia, Cylindrocladium, Phellinux spp, Rosellinia, Ganoderma, Armillaria,Pratylenchus)\u00a0<\/em>tr\u00ean c\u00e2y th\u00e2n g\u1ed7, rau, c\u00e2y \u0103n qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 c\u00e2y c\u1ea3nh.\u00a0<\/em>Th\u1ed1i th\u00e2n, th\u1ed1i ng\u1ecdn, th\u1ed1i c\u1ed5 r\u1ec5\u00a0(<\/em>do\u00a0Phytophthora, Sclerotium, Rhizoctonia, Sclerotinia, Fusarium, occasionally Aspergillus niger, Erwinia)\u00a0<\/em>tr\u00ean c\u00e2y rau, c\u00e2y trang tr\u00ed, n\u1ea5m.<\/p>\n

H\u00e9o vi khu\u1ea9n, h\u00e9o v\u00e0ng\u00a0(<\/em>do\u00a0Ralstonia, solanacearum, Fusarium oxysporum)\u00a0<\/em>tr\u00ean rau, hoa, c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ed3ng ru\u1ed9ng, c\u00e2y \u0103n qu\u1ea3, c\u00e2y c\u1ea3nh. B\u1ec7nh v\u00e0ng (do\u00a0Fusarium, Namatode)\u00a0<\/em>tr\u00ean c\u00e2y rau v\u00e0 hoa. S\u01b0ng r\u1ec5 (do\u00a0Nematodes, Plasmodiophore)\u00a0<\/em>tr\u00ean c\u00e2y rau, c\u00e1c c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng thu\u1ed9c h\u1ecd c\u1ea3i, b\u1ea7u b\u00ed, c\u00e0.<\/em><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 t\u00e1c nh\u00e2n g\u00e2y b\u1ec7nh, tuy nhi\u00ean c\u00e1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 quy tr\u00ecnh ph\u00f2ng tr\u1eeb hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u1eabn c\u00f2n h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf ho\u1eb7c ch\u1ec9 mang t\u00ednh nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc c\u1ee7a\u00a0qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd d\u1ecbch h\u1ea1i t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p\u00a0(IPM); thi\u1ebfu quy tr\u00ecnh, c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 ph\u00f2ng tr\u1eeb hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3, kh\u1ea3 thi. C\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p ph\u00f2ng tr\u1eeb sinh h\u1ecdc b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i, hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u00f2n th\u1ea5p.<\/p>\n

Do \u0111\u00f3, vi\u1ec7c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd b\u1ec7nh t\u00edch h\u1ee3p (IDM) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n v\u00e0 b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t b\u1ec7nh th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt.<\/p>\n

IDM nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c ph\u00f2ng ng\u1eeba, ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n s\u1edbm v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 kh\u00e1c nhau \u0111\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec qu\u1ea7n th\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt kh\u1ecfe m\u1ea1nh, \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t t\u1ed1i \u01b0u. Trong \u0111\u00f3, c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd ch\u00ednh g\u1ed3m: Ki\u1ec3m d\u1ecbch th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c gi\u1ed1ng, g\u1ed1c gh\u00e9p kh\u00e1ng b\u1ec7nh; canh t\u00e1c (ph\u01a1i \u1ea3i, x\u00f4ng h\u01a1i \u0111\u1ea5t, tr\u1ed3ng n\u1ed5i, lu\u00e2n canh c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng); tho\u00e1t n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1ed1t; thu\u1ed1c tr\u1eeb b\u1ec7nh t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p, thu\u1ed1c x\u00f4ng h\u01a1i, x\u1eed l\u00fd h\u1ea1t gi\u1ed1ng; c\u1ea3i t\u1ea1o pH \u0111\u1ea5t (t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u00e2n b\u00f3n h\u1eefu c\u01a1 nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec7m; s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ch\u1ea5t\u00a0c\u1ea3i t\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ea5t\u00a0nh\u01b0 v\u00f4i b\u1ed9t, than sinh h\u1ecdc; s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u00e2n l\u00e2n ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p); \u0111\u1ea9y m\u1ea1nh ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c ch\u1ebf ph\u1ea9m sinh h\u1ecdc (Trichoderma spp, Steptomyces spp)…<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i s\u00e2u b\u1ec7nh h\u1ea1i trong \u0111\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng r\u1ea5t kh\u00f3 ph\u00f2ng tr\u1eeb v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 ph\u00f2ng tr\u1eeb th\u1ea5p. Do \u0111\u00f3, c\u1ea7n \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng d\u1ee5ng bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd\u00a0t\u00edch h\u1ee3p. Theo GS.TS Nguy\u1ec5n H\u1ed3ng S\u01a1n, Gi\u00e1m \u0111\u1ed1c Vi\u1ec7n Khoa h\u1ecdc N\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p Vi\u1ec7t Nam (B\u1ed9 NN-PTNT), qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u01a1 c\u1ea5u c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng, h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh […]\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":1577,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[65],"tags":[21,22,23,24],"class_list":["post-1575","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-khac","tag-the-1","tag-the-2","tag-the-3","tag-the-4"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/demo9.thuythu.vn\/sinhthaimoi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1575","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/demo9.thuythu.vn\/sinhthaimoi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/demo9.thuythu.vn\/sinhthaimoi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/demo9.thuythu.vn\/sinhthaimoi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/demo9.thuythu.vn\/sinhthaimoi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1575"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/demo9.thuythu.vn\/sinhthaimoi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1575\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1580,"href":"https:\/\/demo9.thuythu.vn\/sinhthaimoi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1575\/revisions\/1580"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/demo9.thuythu.vn\/sinhthaimoi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1577"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/demo9.thuythu.vn\/sinhthaimoi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1575"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/demo9.thuythu.vn\/sinhthaimoi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1575"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/demo9.thuythu.vn\/sinhthaimoi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1575"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}